Help, my dog is limping! What should I do?

Limping in Dogs

Dogs, like people, can suffer from countless issues that lead to limping. The trouble is that, unlike people, dogs can't tell us what happened or how painful their issue is. That means it's up to you as the loving pet parent to try and figure out what is causing your dog's discomfort and how you can help.

Why is my dog limping?

Here are the top three most common conditions we see in dogs that lead to limping. If you believe that your dog could be suffering from any of these issues, it's time to head to the vet:

Cranial Cruciate Ligament Tears

Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) ruptures and tears are the most common leg injuries in dogs and are typically caused by overexertion in exercises like jumping and running. Certain dog breeds are at higher risk of this injury than others, including German shepherds, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers, Newfoundlands, and rottweilers. 

Luxating Patella 

This injury occurs when a dog's patella (kneecap) shifts out of alignment with the femur (thighbone). It's most often diagnosed in small breed dogs like chihuahuas, Pomeranians, and Yorkshire terriers. However, it can occur in dogs of all breeds. When this injury takes place in small dogs, it generally occurs toward the inside of the limb or medially. It can also happen laterally, but only larger breeds usually experience this type of injury. 

Canine Carpal Hyperextension 

This condition occurs in the forelimb just above a dog's paw and happens when a dog applies excessive force to the carpus joint, making it collapse. Symptoms of this injury include favoring one leg over the other, joint instability, and swelling in the limb. It is most common in active, larger-breed dogs. However, it can still affect smaller breeds. 

Are there any other potential reasons my dog might limp?

Your dog's limping could be caused by something minor, like a small stone caught between its toes, or it could indicate a serious health concern. In addition to the three conditions listed above, here are other common injuries and conditions that may cause your dog to limp:

Do I need to head straight to the vet?

While it's not always necessary to take your dog to the vet if it is limping, there are some cases when a vet appointment is essential. If any of the following apply to your dog, contact your veterinarian or your nearest emergency veterinary clinic for care.

• A broken limb (will be at an irregular angle)
• A dangling limb (this indicates dislocation)
• Any moderate to severe swelling
• Limbs that feel hot to the touch
• Limping in combination with a fever

When Not to Worry About Your Dog's Limping 

If your dog's limp is new and mild and they have no other signs of injury, it's okay to make sure they rest for a few days to see if the signs improve. If your dog's limping persists for more than 24-48 hours, worsens, or if your dog shows signs of severe pain, it's essential to seek emergency veterinary care.

How can I help my limping dog?

When you first notice your dog limping, try to have them rest as much as possible. Limit their mobility to prevent further strain or injury. Put a hold on their exercise and leash them for bathroom breaks to avoid running.

Check your dog's foot for cuts or signs of injury. If you notice any signs of pain, contact your primary vet or an emergency animal hospital.

If you think the limp is caused by inflammation, alternate between heat and ice packs to reduce swelling and discomfort. Ask your vet for recommendations on how and when to apply them.

Check for bleeding, which can indicate an injury, puncture, or bite.

If the limp isn't severe, monitor your dog at home for 24-48 hours, watching for any worsening symptoms. To be safe, schedule an appointment with your vet. If the limp doesn't resolve, gets worse, or your dog is whining or yelping, it's time to call your vet or visit an emergency vet.

Diagnosing the Cause of Your Dog's Limp

Your vet will determine the cause and severity of your dog's pain through a thorough examination, which may include diagnostic tests like blood work, tick testing, or X-rays to diagnose the cause of the underlying issue. When creating a treatment plan, they will also consider your dog's breed, history, age, and general health.

Treatment for Limping in Dogs 

The treatment options your veterinarian recommends will depend on the underlying cause of your dog's limping. Treatment may involve:

• Medication (pain relievers or anti-inflammatory drugs)
• Surgery for severe injuries like torn ligaments or fractures
• Physical therapy to improve mobility and strengthen weak muscles
• Weight management to ensure your dog maintains a healthy weight, which will help reduce stress on their joints. 

Preventing Future Injuries

To prevent future limping due to injury, maintain your dog's overall health with regular exercise, a balanced diet, and routine check-ups. Monitor your dog's activity to avoid injuries and ensure its living environment is safe and free from hazards.

Taking these actions can help your limping dog recover and return to its happy, active self. Where injuries or illnesses are concerned, timely intervention and proper care are key to ensuring your dog's health and well-being.

Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.

If your dog is in pain and limping, please contact our Bonita Springs vets to arrange emergency care. Our emergency veterinarians are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.